(Optional discussion.)
Thinking tools/frameworks improve thinking skill much more than discussion does. One reason is that in discussion it's very difficult to pay attention to the thinking process rather than to the content (because the content is interesting). Also, "Understanding [of the tools] will never lead to [their] use. Use can only come from habit and habit can only come from practice." (See this
post by de Bono)
de Bono says that we should always practice with a mix of items of different types. The four types below are from "Teach Your Child How to Think" but I think de Bono means that adults too should use them, maybe with minor adaptations. If we post such items here, forming a catalogue of items, we can use some of each other's. Some of other people's items may be better than our own. We'll also have to spend less time designing items, so we'll have more time for actually practising the tools. (You can use the tools to create practice items for the tools, but beginners aren't skilled at the tools yet, so it may not be easy for them to use the tools to design items.)
Please post practice items below. If you want to, also add your results of doing them (your thinking output), and then others can add theirs. It's better not to look at others output from doing an item, before doing this item yourself.
Also look at practice items for the Six Thinking Hats
here and for lateral thinking
here.
Thinking tools
Click for an
incomprehensive summary of seven CoRT tools which leaves out many important things.
Practice items
Some of the examples below are for children but you can design practice items suitable for adults instead of using them. Not just children but adults too should practice with a mix of these four types of items.
1. Fun items
2. Remote items
3. Backyard items
4. Heavy items
1. Fun items
These are imaginative, crazy, speculative and not meant to be taken seriously. Although the subject matter is not serious the principles, functions and operations are quite real (as with a metaphor). ‘What would happen if we all had a third arm in the middle of our chest?’ ‘Would it be a good idea if all children over the age of ten had to put in ten hours a week of real paid work?’ ‘If dogs could talk, what would change?’
2. Remote items
These are sensible and realistic items but fall outside the experience and needs of the youngsters who are doing the thinking exercises. They may be items from the world of business, government or adult life in general. ‘What factors would you consider in choosing where to set up a new fast-food place?’ ‘How would you solve the problem of traffic congestion in cities?’ ‘What should be done with household garbage?’ ‘There is a lot of theft from the shop you are running, how would you solve this problem?’
3. Backyard items
These are items that are directly relevant to the age, peer group, local environment and interests of the youngster who is learning the thinking skills. ‘Your best friend seems to be avoiding you and you do not know why – what can you do?’ ‘Your brother with whom you share a room keeps messing up the room – what can you do?’ ‘You have a choice of three things to do during the holidays – how do you make the choice?’ ‘How would you plan a party for your friends?’
4. Heavy items
These are serious matters that have a direct relevance to the life of the youngster who is learning thinking. The age, interests and situation of youngsters will influence the choice of items. New items can be introduced arising from real-life needs and difficulties. These items should be used sparingly. Above all, it is important that these serious items should not be used as an excuse for parents to ’preach’ to their children. As with other types of item, these serious items must be tackled in an objective thinking manner. ’Should young people smoke?’ ’You want to have the freedom to come home late but your parents want you home early – what can you do?’ ’You know that your friends are experimenting with drugs, how can you persuade them not to?’ ’You can never find time to study, how can you solve this problem?’ ’How can you make more friends in the neighbourhood?’
Source: de Bono, Edward (1993),
Teach Your Child How to Think. Penguin Books Ltd
Practice
Six Thinking Hats practice items
Lateral thinking practice items